A R A B I C & I S L A M I C S T U D I E S

   Welcome to the on-line description of programs in Arabic and 
   Islamic Studies.  The listings below offer information on the 
   following:

   --general information and faculty in the program
   --degree requirements for 
       Undergraduate Major
       Undergraduate Minor
       A.M. graduate degree
       Ph.D. graduate degree
   --a complete listing of courses currently available in the 
       program       
   --a listing of course being taught in the current semester

DEGREE REQUIREMENTS

You are encouraged to discuss your program of study with the members of the Arabic & Islamic Studies faculty at any time. All students undertaking an Undergraduate Major or Minor should consult Professor Allouche no less than once a semester regarding the content and progress of their program.

All Graduate students MUST consult a member of the Arabic & Islamic Studies faculty (listed below) immediately after their arrival at the university. They will be assigned an adviser who will supervise their program until the Comprehensive Examinations for the Ph.D. have been completed. They should consult this adviser as often as may be necessary, but certainly at least once per semester and before registering for classes for the following semester.

Here is a listing of the offices and telephone numbers of the Arabic & Islamic studies Faculty:

   Professor Roger Allen: 840 Williams Hall, #(215)-898-6337
   Professor Thomas Naff, 856 Williams Hall, #(215)-898-8918
   Professor Everett Rowson: 841 Williams Hall, #(215)-898-7469
   Sabah al-Ghandour: 836 Williams Hall, #(215)-898-6653
 

Professor Allen is the adviser for the Undergraduate Major in the Islamic Near East. He is also Coordinator of Arabic language instruction.

UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE PROGRAMS

Islamic Middle East Major [Minimum requirement: 14 c.u.]

Students are required to take 6 c.u. of language, 6 c.u. of history, literature, and religion, and 2 electives to be chosen in consultation with the major adviser. All changes from the normal major requirements must be approved in advance. For Arabic, instruction and testing is proficiency-based, and students will be expected to reach an ADVANCED level of proficiency by the completion of their major program.

The Major Adviser is Professor Roger Allen.

  Major Program Requirements

  1. Language   6 c.u.'s

  Arabic : OS 30, 31, 33                             
  Persian: OS 15, 16, 418        
  Turkish: OS 20, 21, 422                           

Students who wait until their junior year to choose this major will have to take at least one of the levels of language instruction during summer school.

Transfer students who wish to enter the program at any other than the beginning level fill be required to take a placement test to determine their proficiency before being placed in one of the courses.

2. History

  One semester of OS 137 and one of OS 336, 438, 439, 539; Hist. 81, 
     166 

                                                    2 c.u.
    
  3. Literature
  _______________
  OS 434 and one of: OS225, 233, or 432             2 c.u.


  4. Religion
  _______________
  Rel. Stud. 143 and one of OS 237 or OS 536        2 c.u.

  5. Electives                                      2 c.u.

  chosen from:

  OS 225,  233,  237,  336,  432, 433, 436, 438, 439, 516, 536, 537, 
  539;  Art History 416, 417;  Anthro.  540;  Hist.  81, 166;  Legal 
  Studies 529; Poli. Sci. 162, 461, 462, 463 

  Arabic Honors Program

  In addition to the major requirements listed above,  students  who 
  opt for departmental honors will be required to take an additional 
  2  c.u.  in  reading Arabic Texts.  These may be selected from the 
  courses numbered OS430,  432,  and 433.  Honors students will also 
  be  required to write a senior thesis under the supervision of one 
  of the department's faculty members specializing  in  the  Islamic 
  Middle East.  
                                          
  Minor Program Requirements [Minimum requirement: 8 c.u.]

  The minor program consists of 8 c.u.'s selected from the following 
  list;  four  of  the  eight  must  be  chosen  from the listing of 
  language courses: 

  Language courses: OS 30, 31, 33, 431, 435, 530

  General courses:  OS 137, 225, 233, 237, 336, 432,433,  434,  436, 
  438, 439, 516, 536, 537, 539;  Art history 416, 417; Anthro.  540; 
  Hist.  81, 166; Legal Studies 529; Poli.  Sci. 162, 461, 462, 463; 
  Rel.  Stud. 143 

  The choice of the 8 courses for the Minor must be approved by  the 
  Undergraduate Adviser for the Islamic Middle East Major.  
 

GRADUATE DEGREE PROGRAMS

REQUIREMENTS

Students entering this program will work initially towards the A.M. degree (12 course units) and will then take the additional course units towards the Ph.D. degree. For the purpose of applying to the Graduate School and for fellowship purposes, they should register as Ph.D. candidates. The Arabic & Islamic Studies faculty has determined that the A.M. degree is both a useful qualification in its own right and a good preliminary process to advanced work towards the Ph.D.

There is a LANGUAGE PREREQUISITE for entry into the program: the equivalent of OS 33 (Intermediate Arabic). Entering graduate students may, of course, take language courses below this level, but credit given for those courses will not count towards their graduate degree program.

Students entering the program from other institutions or other majors should also realize that the graduate courses which are part of this program will assume some basic knowledge of the subject in each of the major fields (History, Literature, Religion). If you do not have a background knowledge (usually in the form of an undergraduate survey course) of any of these fields, you will be strongly encouraged to audit such a course during the early part of your program without gaining graduate credit.

      I)  T H E    M A J O R    P R O G R A M

       a) A.M. degree.

   COURSES Students will take four  (4)  course  units  in  language 
            beyond the Intermediate level as specified above.  These 
            include  one  each  in  syntax  and  composition and two 
            reading courses.  In addition, they are required to take 
            four (4) courses in Islamics (history  &  religion)  and 
            two  (2)  courses  in Arabic literature.  Two (2) course 
            units of a minor Islamic language  (usually  Persian  or 
            Turkish) are required,  as is a reading knowledge of one 
            European language (usually  French  or  German  although 
            substitutions  may  be  made  with  the  approval of the 
            faculty).  

   EXAMS At the conclusion of coursework (and  once  the  European 
            language  reading  exam has been passed),  the student 
            will prepare for comprehensive examinations.  A  BASIC 
            READINGS LIST FOR THIS PURPOSE IS AVAILABLE.  

            The  criteria  for  the  European language examination 
            (passages for translation selected from a work in  the 
            field of specialization of the candidate) are: 
             1) Accuracy of translation;
             2) Speed (how much is translated  in  the  allotted 
                 time); 
             3) Readability of the English version.

            The subjects for the A.M. examinations are as follows: 
             1) Arabic language and its history; 
             2) Islamics:  Middle Eastern history and 
                  historiography during the Islamic period; 
                  institutions; 
             3) Arabic literature & criticism.
    
   THESIS Upon successful completion of these exams,  the A.M thesis 
             is  prepared  under  the  supervision  of  one  or more 
             members of the faculty in  Arabic  &  Islamic  studies.  
             Students proceeding to the Ph.D.  program must complete 
             an A.M.  thesis.  Students wishing for a TERMINAL  A.M. 
             degree   may   submit   two  lengthy  term  papers  for 
             consideration  by  the  faculty  instead  of  the  A.M. 
             thesis.  

          b) Ph.D. degree.  

   COURSES  This  degree  program  consists  of  a further eight (8) 
             course  units  beyond  those  required  for  the   A.M.  
             program described above. (For students entering with an 
             A.M.  equivalent degree from another institution, up to 
             eight (8) course units MAY  be  transferred  into  this 
             program  at  the  discretion  of the Arabic and Islamic 
             Studies  faculty  and  the  Graduate  Chairman  of  the 
             Oriental Studies Department.  

               The  required  eight  (8)  course units break down as 
               follows: 
         
               three (3) in Arabic literature and Islamics  (at  the 
             advanced seminar--600+--level, distributed according to 
             the field of interest in the ratio of 2:1; 
        
               two  (2) course units at the second-year/Intermediate 
             level in the minor language (the  first-year/Elementary 
             level i part of the A.M.  requirements); 

               and  three  (3)  elective  courses  to  be  chosen in 
             conjunction with the major adviser  and  the  student's 
             committee (on which see below).  

   EXAMS At the conclusion of course work,  a second reading exam in 
             a European language must be  passed  (again  French  or 
             German,  with  other  options open at the discretion of 
             the faculty).  The criteria for this exam are the  same 
             as those mentioned in the A.M. section above.  
 
             There  will  also  be  a comprehensive examination (for 
             which a reading list is also available).  As opposed to 
             the equivalent examinations for the A.M.  degree, these 
             examinations  will presume a high degree of familiarity 
             with sources in the Islamic  languages  chosen  by  the 
             student  and  of  readings  in  texts  from the various 
             disciplines within the fields of study.  

   DISSERTATION  Upon  successful  completion  of  the   examination 
             process  students  will prepare a DISSERTATION PROPOSAL 
             under the guidance  of  their  adviser  and  committee.  
             Regulation  regarding  this  process are to be found in 
             the  general  departmental  guidelines   for   graduate 
             students.  

   COMMITTEE All graduate work will be done under the supervision of 
             an adviser who will be a member of the Oriental Studies 
             Department.  This  adviser  will  be  a  member  of the 
             faculty in Arabic & Islamic Studies and will chair  the 
             student's  committee.   This  committee  will  normally 
             consist of members of the Oriental Studies  Department, 
             although   other  members  of  the  Graduate  Group  in 
             Oriental Studies  may  be  invited  to  join  when  the 
             interests  of  the  student  seem  to  justify  such an 
             expansion of the committee.  


      I)  T H E    M I N O R    P R O G R A M 

   COURSES A thorough knowledge of modern standard Arabic equivalent 
             to proficiency in Intermediate  Arabic  (OS  33).  This 
             may  be  shown  either  through  course  work  at  this 
             university or through reaching the required level  (80% 
             aggregate) on the appropriate proficiency test.  
      
   EXAMS  Two  subjects  will  be  examined:   

             1) Arabic language literature (history and criticism, 
                based on sources in European languages); 
             2) Islamics:  the history of the Middle East  in  the 
                Islamic era, and the institutions of Islam.  
                 
               Students  interested  in taking the Minor Program are 
             strongly encouraged to take the appropriate courses  at 
             this  university  in  order  to  achieve  the necessary 
             standards for  these  examinations.  They  should  also 
             consult  the  Arabic  &  Islamic  Studies faculty about 
             additional readings.  

   COURSES

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 30
   INSTRUCTOR: Sabah al-Ghandour
   TITLE: Elementary Arabic I & II
   SCHEDULING: 5 hours per week, Both semesters
   CREDIT:  2  semester  credits which will normally be given at 
     the end of the  academic  year;  students  must  begin  the 
     course in the Fall Semester 
   PREREQUISITE: None
   DESCRIPTION:  This is the beginners course in  Modern  Standard 
     Arabic  (MSA).   It  will  introduce  you  to  the  speaking, 
     listening,  reading and writing skills in the standard  means 
     of   communication   in   the  Arab  World.   The  course  is 
     proficiency-based,  implying that all activities  within  the 
     course are aimed at placing you,  the learner, in the context 
     of the native-speaking environment from the  very  beginning.  
     Evaluation  is  done  in  two  ways:   firstly  by  the  more 
     traditional testing methods  (vocabulary  tests,  dictations, 
     grammar and translation exercises); secondly through a series 
     of   proficiency   tests   (including  the  Oral  Proficiency 
     Interview) the aim of which is to let you know how  well  you 
     could  survive  and  operate  in the native-speaking context.  
     The textbook for the course is Let's Learn Arabic.  
       We  anticipate  that by the end of this first year students 
     will range in proficiency from NOVICE  HIGH  to  INTERMEDIATE 
     MID;  in  other words (using the government's Foreign Service 
     Institute terminology) from  "incipient  survival"  to  "full 
     survival" in the native-speaking environment.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 31
   TITLE: Intermediate Arabic I & II
   INSTRUCTOR: Shawkat Toorawa
   SCHEDULING: 5 hours per week, Both semesters
   CREDIT:  2 semester credits which will normally be given at the 
     end of the academic year;  students must begin the course  in 
     the Fall Semester 
   PREREQUISITE:  Proficiency  in OS 30 (see above) OR equivalency 
     by examinations.  For the latter,  you should  contact  Prof.  
     Roger Allen, 840 Williams Hall, tel. #6337 or 7466.  
   DESCRIPTION:  This is the continuation of OS30,  the Elementary 
     course in Modern Standard  Arabic  (MSA).  Note  that  as  an 
     alternative  OS34  is  available as an intensive Intermediate 
     course,  covering the materials of both OS 31  and  33.  This 
     course   is   also   proficiency-based,   implying  that  all 
     activities within the course are aimed at  placing  you,  the 
     learner,  in  the  context of the native-speaking environment 
     from the very beginning.  As in OS 30,  evaluation is done in 
     two  ways:  firstly  by  the more traditional testing methods 
     (vocabulary  tests,   dictations,   grammar  and  translation 
     exercises);  secondly  through  a series of proficiency tests 
     (including the Oral Proficiency Interview) the aim  of  which 
     is  to let you know how well you could survive and operate in 
     the native-speaking context.  The textbook for the course  is 
     Let's Learn Arabic.  
       By  the  end  of  this  course  it is our goal that student 
     proficiency  in  speaking  and  listening  will  range   from 
     INTERMEDIATE  LOW  to HIGH,  and in Reading from INTERMEDIATE 
     MID  TO  HIGH.  The  Writing  skill  will  still  be  at  the 
     INTERMEDIATE LOW to MID range.  
       Completion  of this course fulfills the College's "language 
     requirement" in  Arabic.  It  should  be  emphasized  however 
     that,  to  achieve  anything like a useful proficiency in the 
     language,  you  will  need a longer period of study.  You can 
     accelerate the process by continuing with summer school after 
     the completion of this course;  we particularly recommend the 
     courses  at  the  School  of  Arabic at Middlebury College in 
     Vermont.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 33
   TITLE: Advanced Intermediate Arabic 
   INSTRUCTOR: Sabah al-Ghandour
   SCHEDULING: 5 hours per week, Both Semesters.
   CREDIT:  2 semester credits which will normally be given at the 
     end  of the academic year;  students must begin the course in 
     the Fall Semester 
   PREREQUISITE:  Proficiency in OS 31 (see above), OR equivalency 
     by  examinations.  For  the latter,  you should contact Prof.  
     Roger Allen, 840 Williams Hall, tel. #6337 or 7466.  
   DESCRIPTION: This is a proficiency-based course which continues 
     from  the  first  Intermediate  course,   OS   31.   Emphasis 
     continues  to  be  on  all  four  language skills:  Speaking, 
     Listening, Reading & Writing.  The readings for the class are 
     chosen from actual texts from both medieval and modern Arabic 
     in a  variety  of  fields  and  subjects.  Students  will  be 
     expected  to  give classroom presentations and to write short 
     essays in Arabic.  Evaluation will be both  achievement-  and 
     proficiency-based.  The test of speaking ability will consist 
     of the Oral Proficiency Interview.  

   COURSE NUMBER: 36
   TITLE: Islamic Civilization
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Lenore Fernadez
   SCHEDULING: Fall Semester
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit
   PREREQUISITE: none
   DESCRIPTION:  This course focuses on the unity and diversity of 
     what  is  known as "the Muslim World," from the rise of Islam 
     to  modern  times.   It  is  an  overview  of   the   social, 
     intellectual,  economic  and political features of the Muslim 
     World. Readings include selections from original materials in 
     translation.   In   addition   to   class   lectures,   short 
     documentaries will be shown and discussed.  

   COURSE NUMBER: 38
   INSTRUCTOR: Professor Roger Allen
   TITLE: FRESHMAN SEMINAR: Journeys in Arabic Narrative
   SCHEDULING: Spring Semester TR 10.30 - 12
   CREDIT: I c.u.
   PREREQUISITE: none
   DESCRIPTION:  All readings for this course will  be  in  ENGLISH.  
     They  will  include  the Sindbad Tales from the 1001 Nights and 
     fiction by the Nobel Laureate,  Naguib Mahfouz.  A  variety  of 
     narratives   from  different  literary  genres  will  be  read, 
     focussing on the theme of travel,  whether  it  be  a  physical 
     journey from one place to another,  a process of change--a rite 
     of passage perhaps,  or  an  inward  psychological  quest.  The 
     writers are both male and female,  and are drawn from different 
     periods in Arabic literary history.  The course will begin with 
     an  introduction  to  narrative  and  journeys,   as  well   as 
     background  information  on  Islamic Middle Eastern culture and 
     Arabic  literary  history.   Students  will  be   expected   to 
     participate in classroom discussions; two short (5 page) papers 
     and a term paper (maximum 20 pages) will be required.  

   COURSE NUMBER: 137 [cross-listed w/ History 147]
   TITLE: Islamic History to 1517           
   INSTRUCTOR: Professor Adel Allouche 
   SCHEDULING: Fall Semester
   CREDIT: I semester credit
   PREREQUISITE: none
   DESCRIPTION:  [required  for  Near  East/Islamic  majors]  This 
   course  covers  the  political  history  of the major dynasties 
   which ruled parts of the muslim World from  661  A.D.  to  1517 
   A.D.,  the  later  date  being  that of the Ottoman conquest of 
   Egypt.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 225 
   TITLE: Modern Middle Eastern Literatures in Translation 
   INSTRUCTORS: Profs. William Hanaway, Roger Allen 
   SCHEDULING: Spring Semester CREDIT: I semester credit 
   PREREQUISITE: none 
   DESCRIPTION: This course is team-taught by four professors with 
   specialties in Arabic, Hebrew, Persian and Turkish literatures; 
   all  foud  attend  all  the sessions of the course.  The course 
   deals with the modern  literature  within  each  tradition  and 
   focuses  on poetry,  the short story and the novel (among which 
   have  been  in  recent  years:   Al-Tayyib  Salih's  Season  of 
   Migration  to  the  North,  Yehoshua's The Lover,  Hedayat' The 
   Blind Owl, and Kemal's Memet My Hawk).  The readings are all in 
   English.  
     The course is conducted in a  seminar  format.  Students  are 
   expected   to   participate  in  classroom  discussion  of  the 
   materials  assigned  for  each  session,   and  evaluation   is 
   partially  based on the quality of that participation.  A short 
   paper is assigned on each of the three genres mentioned  above, 
   and there is a final examination.  


   COURSE NUMBER: OS 233
   TITLE: Arabic Literary History 
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Roger Allen 
   SCHEDULING:  offered  every other year in the Fall Semester (it 
     alternates with OS 434 described below); 3 hours per week 
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit (one of the "literature" requirements 
     for  the  undergraduate  major  in  Islamic  Near  East,  and 
     strongly recommended for graduate students who have not taken 
     such  a  course  as  a  lead-up  to the A.  M.  Comprehensive 
     Examinations) 
   PREREQUISITE: none 
   DESCRIPTION:  This course provides a survey of the  genres  and 
     major figures in Arabic literary history from the 6th century 
     up   to   the  present  day.   Selected  works  are  read  in 
     translation;  poetry is discussed first, then belles-lettrist 
     prose.  Selected  suras  from  the  Qur'an  are  read  as the 
     centerpiece of the course.  Each set of texts is  accompanied 
     by  a  collection  of  background  readings  which  place the 
     authors and works into a  literary,  political  and  societal 
     context.  This  course  thus attempts to place the ohenomenon 
     of "literature" into the larger context of Islamic studies by 
     illustrating the links between Arab  litterateurs  and  other 
     contributors to the development of an Islamic/Arab culture on 
     the  one  hand  and  by  establishing connections between the 
     Arabic literary tradition and that of other (and particularly 
     Western) traditions.  
       There are mid-term and final examinations  (both  involving 
     essay  questions) and a term-paper is also required.  This is 
     designated in the Course Roster as a "Seminar  (SM)"  course; 
     it  is  NOT  a  lecture  course.  You  will  be  expected  to 
     participate  in  discussions  of  the  literary   works   and 
     background readings assigned.  For that reason, a substantial 
     portion  (up  to  40%)  of  the  grade  is  reserved  for  an 
     evaluation of your contribution to classroom discussion.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 236/428    
   TITLE: Islamic Religion and Law
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. George Makdisi
   SCHEDULING:
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit
   PREREQUISITE: none, although OS 136/Rel. Stud. 143, 
      Introduction to Islam, is desirable
   DESCRIPTION:  This introductory course is divided into lectures 
     and  discussions.  After  a brief introduction to the history 
     of Islam,  and its basic religious values,  it goes into some 
     detail  regarding the law of Islam,  its theology and sufism; 
     its system of education and  its  intellectual  and  artistic 
     culture.  Emphasis  is  placed on classical Islam,  with some 
     attention given to the modern period.  There will be  quizzes 
     throughout the semester,  and a final exam,  and a term paper 
     will be required of graduate  students.  There  are  no  pre-
     requisites for this course.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 237 
   TITLE: Islamic Intellectual Tradition 
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Everett Rowson 
   SCHEDULING: 
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit 
   PREREQUISITE: none, although OS 136/Rel. Stud. 143,  
     Introduction to Islam, would be helpful 
   DESCRIPTION: This course is an introduction to the development of  
     different  forms  of  intellectual discourse in classical Islamic  
     societies.  The primary focus will be on  religious  thought  and  
     its  legal,  theological  and  mystical aspects,  but the role of  
     secular philosophy and science will also be examined.   
    
    
   COURSE NUMBER: 336
   TITLE: Middle East and Russia
   INSTRUCTOR: Professor Michael Lenker
   SCHEDULING: Fall Semester
   CREDIT: 1 c.u.
   PREREQUISITE: none
   DESCRIPTION:  A  history  fo  czarist  and Russian relations with 
     Turkey, Iran, and Afghanistan;  Soviet involvement in the Arab-
     Israeli  conflict,  and  Soviet  influence on the revolutionary 
     movements in the Middle East.  

   COURSE NUMBER: 430
   TITLE: Arabic readings in History and Islam
   INSTRUCTOR: Professor Everett Rowson
   SCHEDULING: Offered every other year in the Fall Semester; meets 3 
       hours per week
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit
   PREREQUISITE: OS 33 Intermediate Arabic or equivalent
   DESCRIPTION:  This course is intended to train advanced  students 
     of   Arabic   in   reading   standard   classical   historical, 
     biogrphical,  and non-technical religious texts.  Most  of  the 
     readings  will  be in straightforward narrative prose,  and the 
     emphasis will be on progressing beyond decoding of short  texts 
     to  more  natural  reading  of larger quantities of language at 
     increased speed.  Students with limited  previous  exposure  to 
     classical  Arabic  will gain familiarity with basic differences 
     in vocabulary and syntax from modern  forms  of  the  language.  
     The choice of texts to be read will be made partly on the basis 
     of the interests of those enrolled in the course, but will also 
     illustrate  a  variety  of  styles  from  different periods and 
     genres.    Written   assignments   will    stress    vocabulary 
     reinforcement    and   practice   with   unfamiliar   classical 
     constructions.  
 
   COURSE  NUMBER:   431  
   TITLE:  Advanced  Spoken  Standard  Arabic 
   INSTRUCTOR: Sabah al-Ghandour 
   SCHEDULING:  3 hours per week, Fall semester 
   CREDIT:  1 semester credit;  this course will fulfill part of the 
     language requirements for the Arabic & Islamic  Studies  Major, 
     the A.M. and Ph.D. degrees in Oriental Studies.  
   PREREQUISITE:  Proficiency in OS 33/34 (Intermediate Arabic) or 
     the equivalent (by examination) 
   DESCRIPTION:  The course will concentrate on the Listening  and 
     Speaking  skills,  but  students  will  also  be  expected to 
     function in  both  reading  and  writing.  Students  will  be 
     assigned  reading  and  audio-visual  materials  on  which to 
     prepare oral classroom  presentations.  Performance  will  be 
     evaluated  on  the  basis  of both these presentations and on 
     participation in the oral discussions which will  follow  the 
     presentations  of  every  student.  Final  evaluation  in the 
     course will be based on performance in the  Oral  Proficiency 
     Interview.  

   COURSE NUMBER:  OS 432  
   TITLE:  Readings  in  Arabic  Belles-lettres  
   INSTRUCTOR:  Prof.  Roger Allen 
   SCHEDULING:  offered  every other year in the Fall Semester;  3 
     hours per week 
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit;  two of the courses numbered OS 430, 
     432  &  433  are required as part of the Undergraduate Honors 
     Major Program.  The Honors Major is also required  for  those 
     who wish to submatriculate into the A.M. program.  
   PREREQUISITE: OS 33 Intermediate Arabic
   DESCRIPTION:  The  aim  of this course is to introduce advanced 
     students in Arabic,  undergraduate and/or  graduate,  to  the 
     various  genres  of Arabic literature throughout its history.  
     At the same time the course tries to  stimulate  students  to 
     move  beyond  the  reading  and anaylsis of short passages of 
     paragraph length (as found  in  language  textbooks  used  at 
     lower  levels)  and  to  consider short but complete literary 
     works from a literary perspective.  Among the genres selected 
     are:  short poems from  all  periods,  short  stories,  short 
     plays, and segments from the Qur'an and adab prose works.  
       The  final  examination  is  a translation exam on selected 
     texts from the reading list for the course.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 433
   TITLE:  Arabic Readings in the Social Sciences  and  the  Media 
   INSTRUCTOR:  Prof.  Adel Allouche 
   SCHEDULING: meets 3 hours per week.  Offered every other year 
      in the Spring Semester.  
   CREDIT: I semester credit
   PREREQUISITE:  completion and proficiency  level  OS  33/34  or 
   higher  
   DESCRIPTION:  This course is  designed  to  train  students  in 
   reading   original  Arabic  materials  selected  from  recently 
   published  books,   current  newspapers,   and  from  scholarly 
   journals.  The  choice  of  texts  reflects  various topics and 
   styles.  No vocabulary lists are distributed,  and students are 
   expected  to prepare for the readingson their own with the help 
   of a dictionary.  Each text is read  in  class  and  its  topic 
   discussed  in  Modern  Standard  Arabic.  Generally,  a written 
   assignment is given at  the  completion  of  the  reading.  The 
   selection  of specialized texts takes into account the academic 
   or professional interests of those enrolled in the  course  and 
   their input is usually solicited.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 434
   TITLE: Literary Theory and Arabic Literature
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Roger Allen 
   SCHEDULING:  offered  every other year in the Fall Semester (it 
     alternates with OS 233 described above); 3 hours per week 
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit (one of the "literature" requirements 
     for  the  undergraduate  major  in  Islamic  Near  East,  and 
     strongly recommended for graduate students who have not taken 
     such  a  course  as  a  lead-up  to the A.  M.  Comprehensive 
     Examinations) 
   PREREQUISITE:   none  (although  OS  233--see   above--or   its 
     equivalent will certainly be beneficial) 
   DESCRIPTION:  This  course takes a number of different areas of 
     Literary Theory and,  on the basis of research completed  and 
     in  progress  in  both Arabic and Western languages,  applies 
     some  of  the  ideas  to  texts  from  the  Arabic   literary 
     tradition.    Among   these   ares   are:    Evaluation   and 
     Interpretation,   Structuralism,   Metrics,   Genre   Theory, 
     Narratology, and Orality.  
       There  are  mid-term and final examinations (both involving 
     essay questions) and a term-paper is also required.  This  is 
     designated  in  the Course Roster as a "Seminar (SM)" course; 
     it  is  NOT  a  lecture  course.  You  will  be  expected  to 
     participate  in  discussions  of  the theoretical studies and 
     their applications to Arabic literature to be  found  in  the 
     assigned  readings.  For  that reason,  a substantial portion 
     (up to 40%) of the grade is reserved  for  an  evaluation  of 
     your contribution to classroom discussion.  

   COURSE NUMBER: 435
   TITLE: Advanced Arabic Composition
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Adel Allouche
   SCHEDULING: Fall Semester
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit
   PREREQUISITE: Proficiency in OS 33 or 34 
   DESCRIPTION:  A  workshop  for  advanced  students  of  Arabic, 
      focusing on the  development  of  writing  skills  within  a 
      variety  of subjects.  A study of cohesive devices and other 
      strategies for writing extended passages.  Students will  be 
      required to write samples based on readings discussed in the 
      classroom.  

    
   COURSE NUMBER: 436
   TITLE: Hydraulic Imperatives: Water, Politics and Conflict in the 
          20th Century Middle East
   SCHEDULING:
   CREDIT: 1 c.u.
   PREREQUISITE:
   DESCRIPTION:  This courses analyses water  as  the  historic  and 
     contemporaneous determinant of social,  political, and economic 
     life in the  Middle  East.  These  issues  will  be  apporached 
     within  the  framework of the relationship of the vital natural 
     resources to conflict and conflict resolution, focussing on the 
     20th century.  Topics such as the following will  be  examined: 
     water as historical myth, icon, and symbol; hydrology and human 
     activities;  physical and political hydrotechnical issues;  the 
     eceonomic dminesions  of  water  issues;  the  concept  of  the 
     international  river  basin;  hydrodemographics  and historical 
     conflicts;  water and population in the Middle East;  water and 
     conflict;  the  potential  and  limits  of law in international 
     hydropolitics;  the concept of scarcity.  Special attention wil 
     be  given to the role that water has played in the Arab-Israeli 
     conflict and its centrality to the issue of a settlement.  
       While the course will be historical in nature,  it will  also 
     be  cross-disciplinary  and  will  involve  other  faculty from 
     geology,  political  science,   and  environmental  studies  as 
     occasional  guest  lecturers.  A  case  study  approach will be 
     employed using the six major river systems in the Middle  East.  
     There  will  be  no  prerequisites,  and  training  in research 
     methods will be given.  Students  will  be  required  to  write 
     research  papers.  They will have access to a special data base 
     for the purpose.  
       This course will be offered initially on a one-time bases  in 
     the fall of 1992.  

   COURSE NUMBER: 438 
   TITLE: The Middle East in the 19th Century
   INSTRUCTOR: Professor Thomas Naff
   SCHEDULING: Fall Term, Tu Thurs 9 - 10.30
   CREDIT: I c.u.
   PREREQUISITE:
   DESCRIPTION: This course, which covers the period from the end of 
     the 18th century to the  eve  of  World  War  I,  analyses  the 
     process  of  change that trasformed the Middle East in the 19th 
     century from a region still medieval in many  respects  to  one 
     that  underwent  rapid  modernization.  Focus  will  be on such 
     themes as the response of the  people  of  the  region  to  the 
     penetration  and  impact of Europe;  Islamic concepts of state, 
     government,  and law;  the idea and application of  reform  and 
     revolution  in  islam;  the  western  concepts  of nationalism, 
     constitutionalism,  and modernizaion as they were perceived  in 
     the  Islamic  Middle  East.  These  topics  will be examined in 
     relation to the major events in the region  during  the  period 
     being  studied.  The  course is designed as a building block to 
     other courses on the modern Middle East in various disciplines.  
     Some training in research methods is also offered.  

   COURSE NUMBER: 439 
   TITLE: The Middle East in the 20th Century
   INSTRUCTOR: Professor Thomas Naff
   SCHEDULING: Spring Term, 9 - 10.30
   CREDIT: I c.u.
   PREREQUISITE:
   DESCRIPTION:  The end  of  the  old  order;  new  ideologies  and 
     national  movements;   social  change;  World  War  I  and  the 
     Mandates;  creation of modern nation states;  the constancy  of 
     Islam.  
 
   COURSE NUMBER: OS 530        
   TITLE: Advanced Arabic and Syntax
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Everett Rowson
   SCHEDULING:  Every year,  Both semesters are  required.  Grades 
      will be given on completion of both semesters 
   CREDIT: Required of all Ph.D. students.  
   PREREQUISITE: OS 33 or equivalent (permission of instructor, if 
      not OS 33). 
   DESCRIPTION:  Advanced  syntax  through  the  reading  of  Arab 
     grammarians.  Development  of  reading  in bulk.  Emphasis on 
     classical  Arabic  read  in  works  by  medieval  and  modern 
     writers.   This  course  is  designed  to  give  the  student 
     experience in  reading  whole  works  in  Arabic.

   COURSE NUMBER: 536 
   TITLE: Islamic Institutions
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Everett Rowson    
   SCHEDULING:
   CREDIT: I semester credit
   PREREQUISITE: OS 428, Islamic Religion & Law
   DESCRIPTION:  This advanced course in conducted as a seminar in 
     which pre-assigned  readings  will  be  discussed  in  weekly 
     seminars.  Detailed study will be made of religious movements 
     in  law,  theology and sufism;  to the organization of powers 
     (the executive,  the legislative and the judiciary);  of  the 
     rise  of  colleges  and their relationship to the movement of 
     Arabic-Islamic humanism.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 537  
   TITLE: Islamic Philosophy 
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Everett Rowson 
   SCHEDULING: 
   CREDIT: I semester credit 
   PREREQUISITE: OS 530 or an advanced reading ability 
   DESCRIPTION:  Close readings of selected philosophical texts from  
     different  periods.  Specific  topic areas will vary from year to  
     year.  Besides discussion in class,  students will be required to  
     prepare a lengthy term paper.   
    
   COURSE NUMBER: 539 
   TITLE: Conference on the Modern Middle East 
   INSTRUCTOR: Professor Thomas Naff
   SCHEDULING: To be arranged
   CREDIT: 1 c.u.
   PREREQUISITE: Permission of Instructor
   DESCRIPTION:  This is a tutorial for  advanced  students  and  is 
     entirely  thematic,  each  theme  tailored to the interests and 
     needs  of  the  individual   student.   The   course   involves 
     considerable  training  in  methodology and historiography,  if 
     needed.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 630        
   TITLE: Seminar in Islamic History
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Adel Allouche
   SCHEDULING: By arrangement
   CREDIT:  I semester credit (Required of all Ph.D. students)
   DESCRIPTION: This seminar is designed to treat questions in the 
    field of Islamics on the  basis  of  Arabic  documentation  in 
    print  as  well  as  in manuscript.  The subject matter of the 
    seminar varies from year to year as called for by the needs of 
    the attending graduate students.  

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 631
   TITLE: Seminar in Islamics
   INSTRUCTOR: Professor Everett Rowson
   SCHEDULING:
   CREDIT: I c.u.
   PREREQUISITE: An advanced reading ability 
   DESCRIPTION:

   COURSE NUMBER: OS 633
   TITLE: Seminar in Selected Topics in Arabic Literature: 
   INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Roger Allen
   SCHEDULING:  Normally on Wednesday afternoons,  for a  two-hour 
     period; offered three semesters out of every four (the fourth 
     is always in the Fall).  
   CREDIT:  I semester credit;  for the purpose of requirements in 
     the A.M.  and Ph.D.  programs,  this course can,  indeed will 
     probably  need  to be,  repeated.  Students are encouraged to 
     suggest topics for the course in  addition  to  those  listed 
     below.  
   PREREQUISITE:   OS   432   or   an   advanced  reading  ability 
   DESCRIPTION: This is the graduate seminar course in which a 
     variety of aspects of Arabic literature studies  are  covered 
     at  the advanced graduate level.  Students in this course are 
     expected to be able to read large amounts of literature on  a 
     weekly basis and to be able to discuss them critically during 
     the  class  itself.  Topics  are  chosen  to  reflect student 
     interest.  
       An extensive term-paper is required, normally involving the 
     application of critical and/or theoretical ideas to the texts 
     read in the course or,  if the student so wishes,  to  others 
     belonging to the same genre.  

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COURSES FOR FALL SEMESTER 1993:

   COURSE NUMBER: 30
   TITLE: Elementary Arabic
   COURSE NUMBER: 31
   TITLE: Intermediate Arabic
   COURSE NUMBER: 33
   TITLE: Advanced Intermediate Arabic
   COURSE NUMBER: 38
   TITLE: Journeys in Arabic Narrative (Freshman Seminar)
   COURSE NUMBER: 136 (cross-listed with Religious Studies 143)
   TITLE: Introduction to Islam 
   COURSE NUMBER: OS 233 
   TITLE: Arabic Literary History
   COURSE NUMBER:   431  
   TITLE:  Advanced  Spoken  Standard  Arabic 
   COURSE NUMBER: OS 530        
   TITLE: Advanced Arabic and Syntax                                           
NG:  offered  every other year in the Fall Semester;  3 
     hours per week 
   CREDIT: 1 semester credit;  two of the courses numbered OS 430, 
     432  &  433  are required as part of the Undergraduate Honors 
     Major Program.  The H€